At the time a window of opportunity for effective disease control through eradication or quarantine seemed apparent, as presence of the disease was assumed to be restricted to a limited geographic area. Given the negative effects on production and economic returns of CMD in other settings, an alert to notify the presence of the disease in the region was warranted.
Mosaic virus free#
Prior to this positive identification, Southeast Asia had been considered free of cassava mosaic disease (CMD).
This report consisted of positive virus detection from a single commercial plantation with symptomatic plants in Ratanakiri province in Eastern Cambodia in May, 2015. In 2016 Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) was reported for the first time infecting cassava in Southeast Asia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. NM was supported by JSPS Overseas Research Fellowships. Funding support for this work was provided by Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) (Project number: AGB/2016/032). įunding: This research was undertaken as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data is available in the Harvard Dataverse at. Received: AugAccepted: FebruPublished: February 22, 2019Ĭopyright: © 2019 Minato et al. PLoS ONE 14(2):Įditor: Peng Zhang, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CHINA (2019) Surveillance for Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) in Cambodia and Vietnam one year after its initial detection in a single plantation in 2015. The surveillance baseline data generated for both countries is discussed in light of future options to control and manage cassava mosaic disease.Ĭitation: Minato N, Sok S, Chen S, Delaquis E, Phirun I, Le VX, et al.
None of the owners of the SLCMV-infected fields indicated acquired planting materials from the plantation in Ratanakiri where SLCMV was first reported. In addition, 14% of virus infected plants did not express typical symptoms of cassava mosaic disease on their leaves, highlighting that molecular-based validation is needed to confirm the presence of SLCMV in the field. Symptom expression patterns in infected plants suggested that SLCMV may have been transmitted both through infected planting materials, and by Bemisia tabaci, the known whitefly vector of SLCMV. Infected fields were geographically restricted to two provinces of Eastern Cambodia, while no infection was detected from any of the other sampled sites in either country.
Using PCR-based diagnostics, we identified 49 SLCMV-infected plants from nine fields, representing 2% of the total number of fields sampled. To determine the presence and incidence of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) one year after first detection, a total of 6,480 samples from 419 fields were systematically collected from cassava production areas across Cambodia (3,840 samples 240 fields) and Vietnam (2,640samples 179 fields) in the 2016 cropping season. Cassava mosaic disease, one of the ten most economically important crop viral diseases in the world, was first reported in Southeast Asia from a single plantation in Cambodia in 2015.
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